Hypolipidemic https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/Hypolipidemic en A review of Panax notoginseng saponins for treating coronary artery disease. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-panax-notoginseng-saponins-treating-coronary-artery-disease n/a PMID:  Front Pharmacol. 2017 ;8:702. Epub 2017 Oct 17. PMID: 29089889 Abstract Title:  Saponins for Treating Coronary Artery Disease: A Functional and Mechanistic Overview. Abstract:  Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health problem and the chief cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide., a valuable herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with obvious efficacy and favorable safety, shows a great promise as a novel option for CAD and is increasingly recognized clinically. Firstly, this review introduced recent clinical trials on treatment with PNS either alone or in combination with conventional drugs as novel treatment strategies. Then we discussed the mechanisms of and saponins (PNS), which can regulate signaling pathways associated with inflammation, lipid metabolism, the coagulation system, apoptosis, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and myocardial ischaemia. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-panax-notoginseng-saponins-treating-coronary-artery-disease#comments Coronary Artery Disease Panax Notoginseng Anti-Inflammatory Agents Hypolipidemic Anti-Inflammatory Agents Coronary Artery Disease Hypolipidemic Panax Notoginseng Review Fri, 02 Mar 2018 07:33:33 +0000 greenmedinfo 160623 at https://greenmedinfo.com Avocado fruit extract can act as hypolipidemic agent. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/avocado-fruit-extract-can-act-hypolipidemic-agent n/a PMID:  Indian J Exp Biol. 2016 Jun ;54(6):370-8. PMID: 27468463 Abstract Title:  Effect of hydroalcoholic fruit extract of Persea americana Mill. on high fat diet induced obesity: A dose response study in rats. Abstract:  The fruits of Persea Americana Mill., commonly known as Avocado, are traditionally consumed for various health benefits including weight reduction. Here, we studied the effect of hydroalcoholic fruit extract of Persea americana (HAEPA) on high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity in rats. Obesity was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by feeding HFD for 14 wk. The hypolipidemic effect was evaluated by co-administering 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body wt. of HAEPA. There was a significant increase in weight gain, body mass index (BMI), blood lipids, low density lipoproteins (LDL), lipid peroxides (LPO) and serum transaminases in HFD fed rats. HFD+HAEPA fed rats showed a significant decrease in blood lipids, LPO, liver lipids and increase in antioxidant status when compared to HFD control rats. The activity of lipid metabolic key enzymes such as fatty acid synthase and HMG CoA reductase in liver were also found to be decreased significantly in HAEPA co-administered rats. Lipoprotein lipase activity was found increased in HFD+HAEPA rats. Among the 4 doses studied, 100 mg of HAEPA/kg body wt. exhibited optimum hypolipidemic activity. Histopathological observations in liver and visceral adipose tissue added more evidence for the lipid lowering effect of HAEPA. It can be concluded that avocado fruit extract can act as hypolipidemic agent probably by modulating the activities of HMG CoA reductase and fatty acid synthase in liver. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/avocado-fruit-extract-can-act-hypolipidemic-agent#comments Avocado Hyperlipidemia Obesity Hypolipidemic Anti-Obesity Agents Avocado hyperlipidemia Hypolipidemic obesity Plant Extracts Animal Study Tue, 07 Feb 2017 17:38:34 +0000 greenmedinfo 143105 at https://greenmedinfo.com Caffeic acid phenethyl ester ameliorates metabolic disease by inducing PPARγ activity and adipose tissue remodelling. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/caffeic-acid-phenethyl-ester-ameliorates-metabolic-disease-inducing-ppar-activ n/a PMID:  Mol Nutr Food Res. 2018 Mar 5. Epub 2018 Mar 5. PMID: 29508519 Abstract Title:  Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Improves Metabolic Syndrome by Activating PPARγ and Inducing Adipose Tissue Remodeling in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Abstract:  SCOPE: This study investigated the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a bioactive component of honeybee hives, on the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by comparing the efficacy of CAPE intake at the beginning of obesity and after obesity. The functional mechanism of CAPE was also investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) containing 0.05% CAPE (HFD+C) for 12 weeks (HFD+C(Pre) group) or received HFD+C for 6 weeks after consuming the HFD for 6 weeks (HFD+C(Post) group). Both CAPE-fed groups showed significant improvements in body weight, fatty liver, inflammation and insulin resistance, but not serum lipid levels. Hyperlipidemia was only ameliorated in the HFD+C(Pre). Adipose tissue (AT) remodeling occurred in the CAPE-fed groups. Specifically, CAPE induced PPARγ activity, resulting in adipogenesis, a smaller and more uniform distribution of adipocytes and decreased immune cell penetration and inflammation; CAPE also improved the disturbed pattern of adipokine secretion. Hypoxia was improved by promoting angiogenesis in AT. CONCLUSION: CAPE ameliorates metabolic disease by inducing PPARγ activity and AT remodeling. Additionally, study reveals that the intake of CAPE after obesity, as well as in the early stage of obesity, helps in the prevention and treatment of MetS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/caffeic-acid-phenethyl-ester-ameliorates-metabolic-disease-inducing-ppar-activ#comments Caffeic acid phenethyl ester Obesity Anti-Inflammatory Agents Hypolipidemic Anti-Inflammatory Agents Caffeic acid phenethyl ester Hypolipidemic obesity Animal Study Fri, 09 Mar 2018 08:08:05 +0000 greenmedinfo 160965 at https://greenmedinfo.com Consumption of peanut sprout extracts was effective for improving blood lipid levels. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/consumption-peanut-sprout-extracts-was-effective-improving-blood-lipid-levels n/a PMID:  J Med Food. 2015 Aug ;18(8):850-5. Epub 2015 May 6. PMID: 25946626 Abstract Title:  Ethanol Extract of Peanut Sprout Lowers Blood Triglyceride Levels, Possibly Through a Pathway Involving SREBP-1c in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Abstract:  The hypothesis of this study was that peanut sprout extracts (PSE) could reduce fat accumulation through activating the transcription of SREBP-1c genes. Sprague-Dawley (SD) were randomly assigned into two groups and fed the following diet for 4 weeks; 10 normal fat (NF, 7 g of fat/100 g diet) and 30 high fat (HF, 20 g of fat/100 g diet). After 4 weeks, the HF group was divided into three groups; HF, HF with 15 mg of PSE/kg diet (HF+low PSE, 0.025% resveratrol), and HF with 30 mg of PSE/kg diet (HF+high PSE, 0.05% resveratrol) and fed for an additional 5weeks. The HF+high PSE group had significantly lower weight gain than the HF group. Plasma triglyceride (TG) level and the hepatic total lipid level were significantly lower in the HF+high PSE group compared to the HF group. Fecal excretions of total lipids, cholesterol, and TG in the HF+high PSE group tended to be higher than in the HF group, but these differences were not significant. The mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and sterol regulatory element binding protein-c (SREBP-1c) were significantly lower in the HF+high PSE group than in the HF group.The mRNA expressions of hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase were significantly lower in the HF+high PSE groups compared to the HF group. The mRNA expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase1 was significantly higher than the HF group in both the HF+low PSE and HF+high PSE groups, with much greater increase observed in the HF+high PSE group. In conclusion, consumption of PSE was effective for improving blood lipid levels, possibly by suppressing the expression of SREBP-1c, in rats fed a high-fat diet. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/consumption-peanut-sprout-extracts-was-effective-improving-blood-lipid-levels#comments Peanuts Triglycerides: Elevated Hypolipidemic Hypolipidemic Peanuts Plant Extracts reduce fat Triglycerides: Elevated Weight Loss Animal Study Thu, 19 Jan 2017 01:14:17 +0000 greenmedinfo 142197 at https://greenmedinfo.com Deep sea water supplementation of yogurt can increase its beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/deep-sea-water-supplementation-yogurt-can-increase-its-beneficial-effects-lipi n/a PMID:  J Dairy Sci. 2015 Sep ;98(9):5967-73. Epub 2015 Jul 2. PMID: 26142849 Abstract Title:  Effect of yogurt containing deep sea water on health-related serum parameters and intestinal microbiota in mice. Abstract:  Deep sea water (DSW) has health benefits and is widely used as food supplement; however, its effect in fermented products has not been explored. Here, we investigated the effect of DSW-containing yogurt on health-related serum parameters and intestinal microbiota in mice. Animals were assigned to 3 feeding groups, which received water (control), normal yogurt (N-yogurt), or DSW-containing yogurt (DSW-yogurt) with a basal diet. Mice were killed at wk 4 or 8 of feeding and analyzed for serum parameters and microbial population in the small intestine. Both yogurt groups demonstrated increased populations of intestinal lactic acid bacteria compared with the control group. The activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase was markedly decreased in the DSW-yogurt and N-yogurt groups, and triglyceride level tended to be lower in the DSW-yogurt group compared with that in the control mice. Furthermore, the DSW-yogurt group showed a more significant decrease in the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol than did the N-yogurt group. These findings suggest that DSW supplementation of yogurt can increase its beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/deep-sea-water-supplementation-yogurt-can-increase-its-beneficial-effects-lipi#comments Water: Deep Sea Yoghurt Anticholesteremic Agents Hypolipidemic Anticholesteremic Agents Hypolipidemic Microbiota Water: Deep Sea Yoghurt Animal Study Mon, 03 Apr 2017 16:27:32 +0000 greenmedinfo 145821 at https://greenmedinfo.com Extracts of Peganum harmala seeds possesses antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/extracts-peganum-harmala-seeds-possesses-antidiabetic-and-hypolipidemic-activi n/a PMID:  Cholesterol. 2016 ;2016:7389864. Epub 2016 Apr 14. PMID: 27190643 Abstract Title:  Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Peganum harmala Seeds in Diabetic Rats. Abstract:  The present study was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. In an experimental study, 64 normal Wistar albino male rats (200-230 g) were randomly divided into 8 groups. Control and diabetic rats were treated with normal saline and three different doses (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg) of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds for 4 weeks orally. At the end of treatment, blood samples were taken and glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TCA), ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were determined. STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significant changes in the values of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, MDA, TAC,ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C in comparison with normal rats. Administration of the extract to diabetic rats resulted in a remarkable decrease in glucose, lipid profiles, MDA, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C levels and increase in TAC relative to diabetic group. The results of this studyindicated that hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds possesses antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities and could be useful in treatment of diabetes. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/extracts-peganum-harmala-seeds-possesses-antidiabetic-and-hypolipidemic-activi#comments Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 Syrian rue Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Diabetes mellitus: Type 2 Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Plant Extracts Syrian rue Animal Study Fri, 01 Sep 2017 17:54:30 +0000 greenmedinfo 152559 at https://greenmedinfo.com Hazelnut-enriched diet is associated with a decrease of LDL and total cholesterol. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/hazelnut-enriched-diet-associated-decrease-ldl-and-total-cholesterol n/a PMID:  Nutrients. 2016 Nov 25 ;8(12). Epub 2016 Nov 25. PMID: 27897978 Abstract Title:  Effects of Hazelnut Consumption on Blood Lipids and Body Weight: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis. Abstract:  Hazelnuts are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant bioactive substances: their consumption has been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease events. A systematic review and a meta-analysis was performed to combine the results from several trials and to estimate the pooled (overall) effect of hazelnuts on blood lipids and body weight outcomes. Specifically, a Bayesian random effect meta-analysis of mean differences ofΔ-changes from baseline across treatment (MDΔ) (i.e., hazelnut-enriched diet vs. control diet) has been conducted. Nine studies representing 425 participants were included in the analysis. The intervention diet lasted 28-84 days with a dosage of hazelnuts ranging from 29 to 69 g/day. Out of nine studies, three randomized studies have been meta-analyzed showing a significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (pooled MDΔ = -0.150 mmol/L; 95% highest posterior density interval (95%HPD) = -0.308; -0.003) in favor of a hazelnut-enriched diet. Total cholesterol showed a marked trend toward a decrease (pooled MDΔ = -0.127 mmol/L; 95%HPD = -0.284; 0.014) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol remained substantially stable (pooled MDΔ = 0.002 mmol/L; 95%HPD = -0.140; 0.147). No effects on triglycerides (pooled MDΔ = 0.045 mmol/L; 95%HPD = -0.195; 0.269) and bodymass index (BMI) (pooled MDΔ = 0.062 kg/m²; 95%HPD = -0.293; 0.469) were found. Hazelnut-enriched diet is associated with a decrease of LDL and total cholesterol, while HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and BMI remain substantially unchanged. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/hazelnut-enriched-diet-associated-decrease-ldl-and-total-cholesterol#comments Cardiovascular Disease Hazelnut Hypolipidemic Cardiovascular Disease cholesterol Hazelnut High Cholesterol Hypolipidemic Meta Analysis Review Thu, 19 Jan 2017 00:29:46 +0000 greenmedinfo 142195 at https://greenmedinfo.com Isolated mangiferin and naringenin exert antidiabetic effects. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/isolated-mangiferin-and-naringenin-exert-antidiabetic-effects n/a PMID:  Chem Biol Interact. 2018 Jan 25 ;280:33-44. Epub 2017 Dec 6. PMID: 29223569 Abstract Title:  Isolated mangiferin and naringenin exert antidiabetic effect via PPARγ/GLUT4 dual agonistic action with strong metabolic regulation. Abstract:  In this study, we isolated two compounds from the leaves of Salacia oblonga (SA1, mangiferin and SA2, naringenin), and their structures were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. SA1 and SA2 were orally administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at 50 and 100 mg/kg daily for 15 days. Blood glucose level, serum lipid profile, oxidative stress parameters, histopathology, docking, molecular parameters, and NMR-based metabolic perturbation studies were performed to investigate the pharmacological activities of SA1 and SA2. Results suggested that both compounds reduced blood glucose level, restored body weight, and normalized lipid concentrations in the serum and oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver and pancreas. In addition, the docking study on several diabetes-associated targets revealed that both compounds had a strong binding affinity towardsperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). Further real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to confirm the gene and protein expression levels of PPARγ and GLUT4 in the pancreatic tissues. Data obtained from the molecular studies showed that both compounds exhibited antidiabetic effects through dual activation of PPARγ/GLUT4 signaling pathways. Finally, the NMR-based metabolic studies showed that both compounds normalized the diabetogenic metabolites in the serum. Altogether, we concluded that SA1 and SA2 might be potential antidiabetic lead compounds for future drug development. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/isolated-mangiferin-and-naringenin-exert-antidiabetic-effects#comments Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 Mangiferin Naringenin Antioxidants Hepatoprotective Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Pancreato Protective Agents Antioxidants Diabetes mellitus: Type 2 Hepatoprotective Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Mangiferin Naringenin Pancreato Protective Agents Animal Study Tue, 23 Jan 2018 17:04:08 +0000 greenmedinfo 158688 at https://greenmedinfo.com Krill oil supplementation can reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides https://greenmedinfo.com/article/krill-oil-supplementation-can-reduce-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol-and-t n/a PMID:  Nutr Rev. 2017 May 1 ;75(5):361-373. PMID: 28371906 Abstract Title:  Lipid-modifying effects of krill oil in humans: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Abstract:  Context: Some experimental and clinical trials have shown that krill oil, extracted from small red crustaceans, might be an effective lipid-modifying agent, but the evidence is not conclusive. Objective: The effect of krill oil supplements on plasma lipid concentrations was assessed through a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials. Data sources: PubMed and Scopus were searched up to March 25, 2016, to identify RCTs investigating the effect of krill oil supplements on plasma lipids. Study selection: Randomized controlled trials that investigated the impact of at least 2 weeks of supplementation with krill oil on plasma/serum concentrations of at least one of the main lipid parameters (ie, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triglycerides) and that reported sufficient information on plasma/serum lipid levels at baseline and at the end of study in both krill oil and control groups were eligible for inclusion. Data extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted the following data: first author's name, year of publication, study location, study design, number of participants in the krill oil and control groups, dosage of krill oil, type of control allocation, treatment duration, demographic characteristics of study participants, and baseline and follow-up plasma concentrations of lipids. Effect size was expressed as the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: Meta-analysis of data from 7 eligible trials (14 treatment arms) with 662 participants showed a significant reduction in plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD, -15.52 mg/dL; 95%CI, -28.43 to -2.61; P = 0.018) and triglycerides (WMD, -14.03 mg/dL; 95%CI, -21.38 to -6.67; P < 0.001) following supplementation with krill oil. A significant elevation in plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was also observed (WMD, 6.65 mg/dL; 95%CI, 2.30 to 10.99; P = 0.003), while a reduction in plasma concentrations of total cholesterol did not reach statistical significance (WMD, -7.50 mg/dL; 95%CI, -17.94 to 2.93; P = 0.159). Conclusion: Krill oil supplementation can reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Additional clinical studies with more participants are needed to assess the impact of krill oil supplementation on other indices of cardiometabolic risk and on the risk of cardiovascular outcomes. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/krill-oil-supplementation-can-reduce-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol-and-t#comments Hypercholesterolemia Hyperlipidemia Krill Triglycerides: Elevated Anticholesteremic Agents Hypolipidemic Anticholesteremic Agents Hypercholesterolemia hyperlipidemia Hypolipidemic Krill Meta Analysis Triglycerides: Elevated Review Fri, 01 Sep 2017 20:48:52 +0000 greenmedinfo 152592 at https://greenmedinfo.com Krill oil treatment was associated with the alleviation of hyperlipidemia in animals. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/krill-oil-treatment-was-associated-alleviation-hyperlipidemia-animals n/a PMID:  Front Microbiol. 2017 ;8:905. Epub 2017 May 17. PMID: 28567037 Abstract Title:  Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Krill Oil in Mice Fed a High-Sugar High-Fat Diet. Abstract:  Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the gut microbiota plays vital roles in metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia. Previous studies have confirmed that krill oil can alleviate hyperlipidemia, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To discern whether krill oil changes the structure of the gut microbiota during the hyperlipidemia treatment, 72 mice were acclimatized with a standard chow diet for 2 weeks and then randomly allocated to receive a standard chow diet (control group, n = 12) or a high-sugar-high-fat (HSHF) diet supplemented with a low (100μg/g·d, HSHF+LD group, n = 12), moderate (200 μg/g·d, HSHF+MD group, n = 12) or high dosage of krill oil (600 μg/g·d, HSHF+HD group, n = 12), simvastatin (HSHF+S group, n = 12) or saline (HSHF group, n = 12) continuously for 12 weeks. The resulting weight gains were attenuated, the liver indexand the low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations showed a stepwise reduction in the treated groups compared with those of the control group. A dose-dependent modulation of the gut microbiota was observed after treatment with krill oil. Low- and moderate- doses of krill oil increased the similarity between the composition of the HSHF diet-induced gut microbiota and that of the control, whereas the mice fed the high-dose exhibited a unique gut microbiota structure that was different from that of the control and HSHF groups. Sixty-five key operational taxonomicunits (OTUs) that responded to the krill oil treatment were identified using redundancy analysis, of which 26 OTUs were increased and 39 OTUs were decreased compared with those of the HSHF group. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study suggest that the structural alterations in the gut microbiota induced by krill oil treatment were dose-dependent and associated with the alleviation of hyperlipidemia. Additionally, the high-dose krill oil treatment showed combined effects on the alleviation of hyperlipidemia and obesity. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/krill-oil-treatment-was-associated-alleviation-hyperlipidemia-animals#comments High Fat Diet High Sugar Diet Hyperlipidemia Krill Obesity Gastrointestinal Agents Hypolipidemic Anti-Obesity Agents Gastrointestinal Agents high fat diet High Sugar Diet hyperlipidemia Hypolipidemic Krill obesity Animal Study Fri, 01 Sep 2017 20:28:52 +0000 greenmedinfo 152590 at https://greenmedinfo.com The lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemic rats was improved by regulating the gut microbiota with supplementation of L.rhamnosus hsryfm. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/lipid-metabolism-hyperlipidemic-rats-was-improved-regulating-gut-microbiota-su n/a PMID:  BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Oct 10 ;14:386. Epub 2014 Oct 10. PMID: 25300818 Abstract Title:  The effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 on the intestinal microbiota of a hyperlipidemic rat model. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Growing evidence indicates that intestinal microbiota regulate our metabolism. Probiotics confer health benefits that may depend on their ability to affect the gut microbiota. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of supplementation with the probiotic strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosus hsryfm 1301, on the gut microbiota in a hyperlipidemic rat model, and to explore the associations between the gut microbiota and the serum lipids. METHODS: The hyperlipidemic rat model was established by feeding rats a high-fat diet for 28 d. The rats' gut microbiota were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing before and after L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 supplementation or its fermented milk for 28 d. The serum lipids level was also tested. RESULTS: The rats' primary gut microbiota were composed of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia. The abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota generally decreased after feeding with a high-fat diet, with a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, but with an increase in that of Firmicutes (P<0.05). Administration of L. rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 or its fermented milk for 28 d, could recover the Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia abundance and could decrease the Firmicutes abundance, which was associated with a significant reduction in the serum lipids' level in the hyperlipidemic rats with high-fat diet induced. The abundance of 22 genera of gut bacteria was changed significantly after probiotic intervention for 28 d (P<0.05). A positive correlation was observed between Ruminococcus spp. and serum triglycerides, Dorea spp. and serum cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and Enterococcus spp. and high-density lipoprotein. The Butyrivibrio spp. negatively correlated with TC and LDL-C. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemic rats was improved by regulating the gut microbiota with supplementation of L.rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 or its fermented milk for 28 d. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/lipid-metabolism-hyperlipidemic-rats-was-improved-regulating-gut-microbiota-su#comments Hyperlipidemia Lactobacillus rhamnosus Hypolipidemic hyperlipidemia Hypolipidemic Lactobacillus rhamnosus Animal Study Thu, 08 Jun 2017 01:57:26 +0000 greenmedinfo 148842 at https://greenmedinfo.com The present study provides evidence that Diabetea tea has hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/present-study-provides-evidence-diabetea-tea-has-hypoglycemic-and-antihyperlip n/a PMID:  J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Dec 24 ;194:1069-1077. Epub 2016 Oct 27. PMID: 27989874 Abstract Title:  Effect of Diabetea tea™ consumption on inflammatory cytokines and metabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes patients. Abstract:  ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Diabetea tea™ (DT) is an anti-diabetic alternative medicine in some Asian countries. The main constituent of DT is black tea originating from Camellia sinensis that is supplemented by 12 other medicinal plants. Black tea contains a large amount of the flavonoids catechins especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capacity. This study was undertaken to evaluate the possible effects of DT intake on inflammatory cytokines, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and metabolic biomarkers in T2DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 50 patients with T2DM. The patients had received 3 cups (600ml) of DT extract or placebo (PL) extract per day during a period of 12 weeks. Intracellular cytokine expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) as well as the glycemic and lipid profiles were measured at baseline and after the treatment period. The active constituents of the medicinal plants included in DT were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). RESULTS: Ingestion of DT suppressed CD4+ T cell expression of IL-1β and Il-8 (p<0.05) and up-regulated the expression of IL-10 and the Treg/IL-17 ratio (p<0.05) which was not shown in PL. A significant decrease in HbA1c and LDL was observed at the end of the study period (p<0.05) in DT. The GC/MS analyses of DT indicated the presence of lupeol,β-Amyrin and β-sitosterol. Also analyses of individual herbs showed the presence of higher levels of lupeol and β-Amyrin in Nuga Ficus bengalensis and β-sitosterol in the Attikka Ficus racemosa, indicating that the active ingredients of DT are concentrated in these two herbs. CONCLUSION: The present study provides evidence that DT has hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties. Interestingly, DT has anti-inflammatory effects. These properties are attributed to the flavonoids, triterpenes and phytosterol contents of the tea. We suggest that DT protects against diabetes complications in the long term. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/present-study-provides-evidence-diabetea-tea-has-hypoglycemic-and-antihyperlip#comments Black Tea Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 Inflammation Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Interleukin-10 upregulation Interleukin-8 downregulation BLACK TEA Diabetes mellitus: Type 2 Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Inflammation Plant Extracts Human Study Mon, 10 Jul 2017 21:18:18 +0000 greenmedinfo 150251 at https://greenmedinfo.com These findings suggested that berberine may reduce insulin resistance. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-suggested-berberine-may-reduce-insulin-resistance n/a PMID:  Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2018 Jan 24. Epub 2018 Jan 24. PMID: 29365334 Abstract Title:  Berberine Modulates Gut Microbiota and Reduces Insulin Resistance via the TLR4 Signaling Pathway. Abstract:  Berberine, a natural compound extracted from several Chinese herbs including Coptis chinensis, has been shown to have anti-obesity effects and prevents insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese rats by modulating the gut microbiota; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these activities remain unknown. We investigated the effects of berberine on obesity and insulin resistance by examining the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α signaling pathway in livers of HFD-fed obese rats. Our results showed that 8-week berberine (200 mg/kg) treatment significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and insulin resistance in HFD-fed obese rats. However, berberine had no significant effects on body weight, visceral fat mass or the visceral fat to body weight ratio. Berberine also attenuated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis. A prolonged HFD altered the gut microbiota composition by reducing protective bacteria like Bifidobacterium and increasing gram negative bacteria like Escherichia coli, which resulted in increased LPS release into plasma. Berberine reversed these effects and inhibited LPS-induced TLR4/TNF-α activation, resulting in increased insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 expression in the liver. These findings suggested that berberine may reduce insulinresistance, at least in part by modulating the gut microbiota along with inhibiting LPS/TLR4/TNF-α signaling in the liver. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-suggested-berberine-may-reduce-insulin-resistance#comments Berberine Insulin Resistance Anti-Inflammatory Agents Gastrointestinal Agents Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Anti-Inflammatory Agents Berberine Gastrointestinal Agents Hypoglycemic Agents Hypolipidemic Insulin Resistance Animal Study Wed, 31 Jan 2018 03:48:47 +0000 greenmedinfo 159030 at https://greenmedinfo.com Vitamin D and Mediterranean diet were effective in reducing body weight, body mass index, and fat mass, with no significant differences between them. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/vitamin-d-and-mediterranean-diet-were-effective-reducing-body-weight-body-mass n/a PMID:  Circulation. 2018 Feb 26. Epub 2018 Feb 26. PMID: 29483085 Abstract Title:  Low-Calorie Vegetarian Versus Mediterranean Diets for Reducing Body Weight and Improving Cardiovascular Risk Profile: CARDIVEG Study (Cardiovascular Prevention With Vegetarian Diet). Abstract:  -Only a few randomized dietary intervention studies that investigated the effects of lacto-ovo vegetarian diet (VD) in clinically healthy omnivorous subjects are available.-We randomly assigned to overweight omnivores with a low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk profile a low-calorie VD compared with a low-calorie Mediterranean diet (MD), each lasting 3 months, with a crossover design. The primary outcome was the difference in body weight, body mass index, and fat mass changes between the 2 groups. Secondary outcomes were differences in circulating cardiovascular disease risk parameters changes between the 2 groups.-One hundred eighteen subjects (mean age: 51.1 years, females: 78%) were enrolled. The total participation rate at the end of the study was 84.7%. No differences between the 2 diets in body weight were observed, as reported by similar and significant reductions obtained by both VD (‒1.88 kg) and MD (‒1.77 kg). Similar results were observed for body mass index and fat mass. In contrast, significant differences between the 2 interventions were obtained for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and vitamin Blevels. The difference between the VD and MD groups, in terms of end-of-diet values, was recorded at 9.10 mg/dL for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (=0.01), 12.70 mg/dL for triglycerides (<0.01), and 32.32 pg/mL for vitamin B(<0.01). Finally, no significant difference was found between VD and MD interventions in oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines, except for interleukin-17, which improved only in the MD group. Forty-six participants during the VD period and 35 during the MD period reached the target values for≥1 cardiovascular risk factor.-Both VD and MD were effective in reducing body weight, body mass index, and fat mass, with no significant differences between them. However, VD was more effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, whereas MD led to a greater reduction in triglyceride levels.-URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02641834. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/vitamin-d-and-mediterranean-diet-were-effective-reducing-body-weight-body-mass#comments Cardiovascular Diseases Anticholesteremic Agents Dietary Modification: Vegetarian Hypolipidemic Mediterranean diet Anti-Obesity Agents Anticholesteremic Agents Cardiovascular Diseases Hypolipidemic Risk Reduction Human Study Sat, 10 Mar 2018 08:48:57 +0000 greenmedinfo 161036 at https://greenmedinfo.com