Sulforaphane may be an effective therapy against age-associated macular degeneration. - GreenMedInfo Summary
Sulforaphane ameliorates amyloid-β-induced inflammatory injury by suppressing the PARP1/SIRT1 pathway in retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Bioengineered. 2021 12 ;12(1):7079-7089. PMID: 34982643
Song Wang
Age-associated macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive eye disorder that leads to irreversible impairment of central vision, and effective therapies are lacking. Here, we explore how oligomeric amyloid-βcan trigger inflammatory injury in retinal pigment epithelial cells and how sulforaphane can mitigate such injury. ARPE-19 retinal pigment epithelial cells expressing low, endogenous, or high levels of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP1) were treated with oligomeric amyloid-βin the presence or absence of various signaling inhibitors or sulforaphane. Cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory responses, and activity of the PARP1/Sirtuin (SIRT1) axis were assayed. Treating ARPE-19 cells with oligomeric amyloid-βpromoted the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-ɑ, which was partially reversed by inhibiting PARP1 and activating SIRT1. PARP1 was found to act upstream of SIRT1, and expression of the two proteins correlated negatively with each other. Sulforaphane also mitigated the injury due to oligomeric amyloid-βthrough a mechanism involving inactivation of the PARP1/SIRT1 pathway. Oligomeric amyloid-βcan trigger AMD-like injury in retinal pigment epithelium by activating PARP1 and repressing SIRT1. Moreover, sulforaphane can induce cell viability and SIRT1 expression, but reduce cell apoptosis, the activity of caspase-3 or -9, and PARP1 expression in oAβ-treated cells. However, PARP1 inactivation or SIRT1 activation weaken these effects. In summary, sulforaphane reduces the inflammatory injury induced by oAβin ARPE-19 cell by inactivating the PARP1/SIRT1 pathway. Thus, the compound may be an effective therapy against AMD.