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Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Omega Fatty Acids and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: An Overview.

Abstract Source:

Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Sep 30 ;20(19). Epub 2019 Sep 30. PMID: 31574900

Abstract Author(s):

Ledyane Taynara Marton, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Antonelly Cassio Alves de Carvalho, Sandra Maria Barbalho

Article Affiliation:

Ledyane Taynara Marton

Abstract:

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, inflammatory processes that affect the gastrointestinal tract and are mainly represented by ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Omega 3 (ω3) fatty acids (eicosapentanoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) show an indispensable role in the inflammatory processes and, for these reasons, we aimed to review the effects of these acids on UC and CD. Databases such as PUMED and EMBASE were searched, and the final selection included fifteen studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results showed that ω3 fatty acids reduce intestinal inflammation, induce and maintain clinical remission in UC patients, and are related with the reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, decrease disease activity and increase the quality of life of CDpatients. Furthermore, the consumption of these fatty acids may be related to a reduced risk of developing IBD. Many studies have shown the beneficial effects of ω3 as adjunctive in the treatment or prevention of UC or CD. Nevertheless, most were performed with a small number of patients and thereare many variations in the mode of consumption, the type of food or the type of formulation used. All these factors substantially interfere with the results and do not allow reliable comparisons.

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