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Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Investigating the Potential Use of Andrographolide as a Coadjuvant in Sickle Cell Anemia Therapy.

Abstract Source:

ACS Omega. 2022 Apr 19 ;7(15):12765-12771. Epub 2022 Apr 4. PMID: 35474831

Abstract Author(s):

Abhishek Gour, Pankul Kotwal, Ashish Dogra, Dilpreet Kour, Sumit Dhiman, Amit Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar Digra, Ajay Kumar, Gurdarshan Singh, Utpal Nandi

Article Affiliation:

Abhishek Gour

Abstract:

Andrographolide is one of the main active principles ofand has been extensively explored for its therapeutic use. Current studies focus on phytotherapeutics-based adjuvant therapy to symptomatically treat sickle cell anemia (SCA) as there is no specific drug/gene therapy available to date. The present study aimed to explore the potential of andrographolide as an adjuvant therapy for SCA in the presence or absence of hydroxyurea (HU), a key drug for SCA treatment. A panel of ex vivo and in vivo experimentations was performed to explore the antisickling activity of andrographolide, followed by evaluating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) activities in the presence of HU. Andrographolide showed significant antisickling activity using blood from SCA patients (ex vivo) and did not show any deleterious effect to cause hemolysis using rat blood (ex vivo). It displayed a substantial decrease in HU-induced decline in splenic lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine level (TNF-α and IFN-γ) using rat splenocytes (ex vivo). Concomitant oral administration of andrographolide with HU in rats for 15 days exhibited a noticeable improvement in the RBC count and hemoglobin levels comparable to the efficacy of l-glutamine (in vivo). Simultaneous administration of andrographolidewith HU caused no marked effect on any pharmacokinetic parameters of HU except the highest plasma concentration of HU and its corresponding time point, which significantly dropped and delayed, respectively (in vivo). No considerable effect of andrographolide was observed on urease and horseradish peroxidase activity (in vitro). Overall, results suggest that andrographolide has several beneficial actions to be an adjuvant therapy to symptomatically manage SCA, but it should be avoided during the prescribed therapy of HU.

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