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Abstract Title:

Human Milk Oligosaccharides Activate Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Protect Against Hypoxia-Induced Injuries in the Mouse Intestinal Epithelium and Caco2 Cells.

Abstract Source:

J Nutr. 2020 Jan 8. Epub 2020 Jan 8. PMID: 31915826

Abstract Author(s):

Chenyuan Wang, Ming Zhang, Huiyuan Guo, Jingyu Yan, Lingli Chen, Wendi Teng, Fazheng Ren, Yiran Li, Xifan Wang, Jie Luo, Yixuan Li

Article Affiliation:

Chenyuan Wang

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia-induced intestinal barrier injuries lead to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Although NEC in preterm neonates is preventable by human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), the underlying mechanism remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the role and mechanism of HMOs in protecting against hypoxia-induced injuries in intestinal epithelium of neonatal mice and cultured Caco2 cells.

METHODS: NEC was induced by hypoxia and cold stress. Seventy C57BL/C pups (7-d-old) were divided into 5 groups and fed maternal breast milk (BM), formula alone (FF), or the formula added with HMOs at 5 (LHMO), 10 (MHMO), or 20 mg/mL (HHMO) for 3 d. Ileal hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and cleaved Caspase 3 were determined, along with staining for Ki-67 protein to labeled proliferative cells. In vitro, adherent Caco2 cells (undifferentiated, passage 14) were treated with HMOs, galacto-oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharides, or mixed oligosaccharides at 10 mg/mL for 1 d exposed to 1% O2. Cell proliferation and apoptosis, along with phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (P-EGFR) and 38KD MAPK (P-P38), were assayed in differentiated or undifferentiated Caco2 cells.

RESULTS: Compared with the FF-fed mice, those fed MHMO and HHMO had 52% lower (P< 0.05) NEC scores, 60-80% greater (P< 0.05) KI67-positive cell numbers, and 56-71% decreases (P< 0.05) in ileal HIF1α and cleaved Caspase 3 (56-71%). Compared with those untreated, the HMO-treated Caco2 cells displayed 60% greater (P< 0.05) proliferative activity and 19% lower (P< 0.05) apoptotic cells after the hypoxia exposure. The HMO treatment led to 58% or 10-fold increases (P< 0.05) of P-EGFR and 48-89% decreases (P< 0.05) of P-P38 in either differentiated or undifferentiated Caco2 cells compared with the controls.

CONCLUSION: Supplementing HMOs at 10-20 mg/mL into the formula for neonatal mice or media for Caco2 cells conferred protection against the hypoxia-induced injuries. The protection in the Caco2 cells was associated with an activation of EGFR.

Study Type : Animal Study

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