Astaxanthin positively modulates age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in healthy dogs. - GreenMedInfo Summary
Astaxanthin modulates age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in healthy dogs.
J Anim Sci. 2012 Oct 16. Epub 2012 Oct 16. PMID: 23100599
Washington State University, Pullman 99164.
Young (2.97± 0.01 yr; 8.16 ± 0.15 kg BW) and geriatric (10.71 ± 0.01 yr; 9.46 ± 0.18 kg BW) healthy female Beagle dogs (n = 14/age group) were fed 0 or 20 mg astaxanthin daily for 16 wk to examine modulation of mitochondrial function. Fasted blood was sampled on wk 0, 8, and 16. Mitochondria membrane permeability, ATP production, cytochrome c oxidase/reductase, and number were assessed in leukocytes, while astaxanthin uptake, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, nitric oxide, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-isoprostane and protein carbonyl were measured in plasma. Aging increased (P<0.05) complex III cytochrome c oxidoreductase, but decreased (P<0.05) 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and protein carbonyl. Mitochondrial function improved in both young and geriatric dogs by increasing (P<0.05) ATP production, mitochondria mass, and cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity, especially in geriatric dogs compared with young dogs. Astaxanthin feeding also increased (P<0.05) the reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione ratio in young dogs, and decreased (P<0.05) nitric oxide in both young and geriatric dogs. Dietary astaxanthin improved mitochondrial function in blood leukocytes, most likely by alleviating oxidative damage to cellular DNA and protein.