Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Apple polyphenol extract improves insulin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo in animal models of insulin resistance.

Abstract Source:

Nutr Metab (Lond). 2016 ;13:32. Epub 2016 Apr 30. PMID: 27141227

Abstract Author(s):

Manuel Manzano, María D Giron, José D Vilchez, Natalia Sevillano, Nuri El-Azem, Ricardo Rueda, Rafael Salto, Jose M Lopez-Pedrosa

Article Affiliation:

Manuel Manzano

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Apple polyphenols could represent a novel nutritional approach in the management and control of blood glucose, especially in type 2 diabetics. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic potential of an apple polyphenol extract (APE) in an insulin-resistant rat model and to determine the molecular basis of insulin sensitivity action in skeletal muscle cells.

METHODS: Acute effect of APE on the postprandial hyperglycemic response was assayed in 15 week old obese Zucker rats (OZR), by using a meal tolerance test (MTT). The ability of APE to improve whole peripheral insulin sensitivity was also assayed in a chronic study by using the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms, rat L6 myotubes were used.Glucose uptake was measured by using 2-[3H]-Deoxy-Glucose (2-DG) and specific inhibitors, as well as phosphorylation status of key kinases, were used to determine the implicated signaling pathway.

RESULTS: In vivo study showed that nutritional intervention with APE induced an increase of insulin sensitivity with an increase of glucose infusion rate (GIR) of 45 %. Additionally, in vitro results showed a synergistic effect between APE and insulin as well as increased glucose uptake through GLUT4 translocation in muscle cells. This translocation was mediated by phosphatydil inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) signaling pathways.

CONCLUSIONS: As a whole, this study describes the mechanisms involved in the insulin sensitizing effect of APE, which could be considered a promising ingredient for inclusion in nutritional products focused on the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes.

Study Type : Animal Study, In Vitro Study

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