Aluminium hydroxide and calcium phosphate adjuvants have a immunotoxic and haemolytic effects. - GreenMedInfo Summary
Studies on the toxicities of aluminium hydroxide and calcium phosphate as immunological adjuvants for vaccines.
Vaccine. 1993;11(9):914-8. PMID: 8212836
Department of Safety Research on Biologics, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Aluminium hydroxide (Al) and calcium phosphate (Ca) have been used for many years as immunological adjuvants for biologicals. We investigated the toxic effects of both adjuvants with different physical properties. Al-gel elicited vascular permeability-increasing and toxic effects to macrophages (M phi), while its haemolytic effect was weak. Ca-gel elicited a significantly stronger haemolytic effect, but no other toxic effect. Incubation of M phi or polymorphonuclear leucocytes with Al-suspension resulted in the largest release of lactate dehydrogenase. Ca-suspension caused haemolysis of about 50% of that caused by Ca-gel.